Dr. Rachel J.C. Fu, Chair & Professor of Dept. of Tourism, Hospitality and Event | Director of the Eric Friedheim Tourism Institute at the University of Florida
As climate change leads to more frequent extreme weather conditions, theme parks and attractions must adopt comprehensive strategies to safeguard visitors and enhance their experience, while effectively managing risks. Florida’s average annual temperature is increasing due to global warming, leading to higher heat indices and more extreme temperatures. This creates challenges for outdoor attractions like theme parks, zoos, and nature reserves, which rely on visitor comfort. Prolonged exposure to heat can reduce visitor satisfaction and lead to health risks, such as heat strokes and dehydration.
According to NOAA, Florida’s temperature has increased by over 1°F since the late 20th century, with projections indicating a rise of up to 5°F by 2100 if greenhouse gas emissions continue at the current rate. Increased operational costs associated with cooling systems, maintaining visitor safety, and managing staff working under extreme heat conditions. Below is a list of potential solutions categorized into visitor safety, comfort enhancement, risk prevention, and risk management.
1. Visitor Safety Solutions
Real-time Weather Monitoring Systems
▪Solution: Install advanced weather monitoring systems across the park to provide real-time updates on temperature, storms, and other weather-related threats.
Implementation: Utilize technology to broadcast weather alerts to guests via park-wide announcement systems, mobile apps, and digital signage.
Benefit: Visitors will receive early warnings about impending extreme weather (e.g., storms, heatwaves, hurricanes), allowing them to seek shelter or adjust plans proactively.
On-site Emergency Shelters
Solution: Build designated weather-safe shelters within the park that are accessible in case of severe weather such as hurricanes or storms.
Implementation: Place shelters at convenient locations throughout the park, clearly marked with signage and integrated into park maps.
Benefit: Providing safe spaces for visitors during emergencies will protect them from extreme conditions and minimize risks of injuries or exposure.
Cooling Zones and Hydration Stations
Solution: Create cooling zones and water refill stations to prevent heat exhaustion or dehydration during high-temperature periods.
Implementation: Establish shaded or air-conditioned cooling zones with misters and benches. Add water stations or hydration kiosks to encourage visitors to stay hydrated.
Benefit: Reduces the risk of heat-related health issues such as heatstroke, keeping visitors safe and comfortable.
2. Comfort Enhancement Solutions
Indoor and Climate-controlled Attractions
Solution: Expand the number of indoor attractions and air-conditioned experiences that are unaffected by extreme heat, storms, or poor air quality.
Implementation: Design themed indoor zones, theaters, and dining areas to give visitors a break from harsh weather.
Benefit: This ensures that guests can still enjoy attractions even when outdoor conditions are unfavorable, leading to an uninterrupted experience.
Flexible Ticketing and Visit Rescheduling
Solution: Implement flexible ticketing policies that allow visitors to reschedule visits when extreme weather is forecast.
Implementation: Introduce an app or online platform where visitors can easily change their ticket dates without penalty in the event of weather-related disruptions.
Benefit: Improves customer satisfaction by allowing them to avoid hazardous conditions without losing their investment in tickets.
3. Risk Prevention
Sustainable Infrastructure and Design
Solution: Build infrastructure designed to withstand hurricanes, flooding, and other weather- related challenges.
Implementation: Utilize materials and construction techniques that are more resistant to extreme weather, such as elevated buildings, flood barriers, and storm-resistant roofs.
Benefit: Prevents structural damage during storms and reduces downtime or costly repairs, ensuring parks remain operational and safe after events.
Enhanced Landscaping for Flood Control
Solution: Implement natural landscaping solutions such as permeable surfaces, bioswales, and retention ponds to manage water runoff during heavy rainfall and flooding events.
Implementation: Designed-park layouts that include rain gardens, artificial wetlands, and strategically placed vegetation to absorb excess water.
Benefit: Minimizes flood damage to park infrastructure and reduces the risk of water-related hazards to visitors.
Eco-friendly Cooling Technology
Solution: Use green technology such as solar-powered cooling stations, reflective paints, and cool roofs to reduce heat absorption.
Implementation: Apply heat-reflective materials to structures, install solar-powered fans, and introduce green roofing or walls that lower ambient temperatures.
Benefit: Lowers overall temperature in the park, providing a more comfortable environment while reducing energy costs and environmental impact.
4. Risk Management
Staff Training and Emergency Response Plans
Solution: Train staff regularly on emergency procedures for extreme weather events, such as hurricane evacuations, heatwave responses, and medical assistance for weather-related illnesses.
Implementation: Develop and rehearse comprehensive emergency response plans, with designated staff roles and responsibilities during crises.
Benefit: Ensures that employees can respond quickly and effectively, minimizing visitor risk and promoting a sense of security.
Visitor Communication and Safety Guidelines
Solution: Provide clear safety instructions and weather guidelines to visitors before and during their visit through apps, email alerts, and signage.
Implementation: Use mobile apps and social media to share real-time updates on weather conditions and appropriate safety actions visitors should take.
Benefit: Increases visitor awareness and preparedness, allowing them to make informed decisions to stay safe during their visit.
Insurance and Liability Management
Solution: Invest in comprehensive insurance coverage that accounts for weather-related risks and ensures financial protection in case of extreme weather events.
Implementation: Regularly update insurance policies to cover hurricanes, flooding, and other natural disasters, while offering contingency plans for lost revenue during closures.
Benefit: Limits financial losses and helps the park recover quickly from disruptions caused by severe weather.
Conclusion
Florida’s theme parks and attractions can adapt to climate change by implementing these solutions that focus on both risk prevention and effective management. By preparing for extreme weather events, enhancing visitor comfort, and building climate-resilient infrastructure, parks can continue offering safe, enjoyable experiences while minimizing the impact of climate change-induced challenges. Implementing these strategies not only protects visitors but also ensures long-term operational sustainability.
[Image Credit: EPA]
